Kotoran di Reservoir Rata-Rata 1cm per 100km

Tinggi Kotoran 1,5cm dari dasar

Kilometer Tercapai 155km

Jika kapasitas penampungan kotoran adalah 11 cm dengan asumsi 1 cm maka terdapat 10 cm dengan arti yang jarak tempuh 1000 km baru ganti air atau kuras kotoran








Catatan: Ini Berlaku setelah melalui 3x kuras air pertama @ setiap 2jam pemakaian (break in test)
Pengurasan cukup di tabung biru dan ada keran di bawah bumper untuk proses buang, jangan lupa diaduk dulu pakai benda yang tidak tajam seperti sumpit/ sedotan supaya semua kotoran terbilas

Cara Pemasangan HHO Hydrogen aDhydro type L

Dari kabel 2 buah yang saya pegang yang hitam belang putih itu adalah plus ikut kunci kontak ON
yang pendek itu adalah minus ikut ke body mobil

Pasang selang lubang atas ketemu lubang atas sesuai dua jari dan lubang bawah ketemu lubang bawah sesuai Dua Jari

Pemasangan selang tidak boleh naik turun harus gradual naik dari bawah ke atas supaya hidrogen yang diproduksi ditabung putih akan dengan mudah mengalir tabung biru

Lubang bawah dipasang selang ke bawah mobil biasanya nempel di bumper untuk keran buangan air kotor
Selang yang ada di atas botol biru itu menuju ke kotak filter udara atau belalai filter udara















Selesai Test, seharusnya gas akan timbul seperti di video ini
https://youtu.be/UuO5GEmNQHM

aDhydro ingin design HHO nya dipakai masal : Mengerucut, Wacana Pajak Berdasarkan Emisi

http://otomotif.kompas.com/read/2016/12/05/070200615/mengerucut.wacana.pajak.berdasarkan.emisi

Senin, 5 Desember 2016 | 07:02 WIB

Otomania/Setyo Adi

Jakarta, KompasOtomotif – Pemerintah terus mengkaji dan menyiapkan tersusunnya aturan baru pajak yang didasarkan pada emisi gas buang kendaraan. Sejauh ini, Kementerian Perindustrian sudah melakukan pertemuan dengan berbagai pihak untuk membuat aturan baru ini makin mengerucut.

I Gusti Putu Suryawirawan, Dirjen Industri Logam, Mesin, Alat Transportasi dan Elektronika (ILMATE) Kementerian Perindustrian mengatakan bahwa aturan itu memang masih disusun, berkoordinasi dengan Kementerian Keuangan, Kementerian lingkungan hidup dan Kehutanan), Kementerian ESDM, dan Kementerian Perhubungan.

”Sekarang teman-teman di Kemenkeu mesti menghitung, jangan sampai nanti (setelah diterapkan pajak berdasarkan emisi gas buang) malah mengganggu penerimaan negara,” kata Putu dalam sebuah kesempatan di Jakarta, (30/11/2016).

Putu menjelaskan kembali, bahwa ke depan, struktur pajak tidak akan didasarkan pada kapasitas silinder, melainkan emisi gas buang dari kendaraan. Makin tinggi emisi, pajak akan makin tinggi. Sebaliknya, makin rendah karbon yang dihasilkan, pajak juga tambah murah.

Selain berkoordinasi dengan tiga kementerian, Putu juga menyatakan bahwa ada banyak pertimbangan juga di sisi agen pemegang merek (APM). ”APM harus menghitung, jangan sampai peraturan sudah keluar, mereka tidak memenuhi. Ini bahaya, dan karena itulah harus dipikirkan juga masa transisi,” ucap Putu.

Masa transisi setelah aturan keluar itu menurut Putu butuh waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan, bisa satu atau dua tahun. Tahun depan, target Kementerian Perindustrian adalah merampungkan aturannya terlebih dahulu, setelahnya bicara soal transisi.

Penulis : Donny Apriliananda

Editor : Agung Kurniawan

Dengan berita-berita yang ramai di media, aDhydro mau konsep hitungan pemakaian HHO hydrogen sebagai PENGURANG EMISI kendaraan bermotor dengan keuntungan sebagai berikut

• EFISIENSI, lebih hemat bahan BBM, hemat daya listrik (versi 40W)
• AMAN, dengan separator air kotor yang terpantau dan proteksi ledakan, dan posisi alat tidak di dalam kabin, produksi gas hanya saat dibutuhkan, tidak disimpan, penetralan sedikit gas sisa produksi dalam 10 menit
• MUDAH PERAWATAN, hanya air saja, tanpa katalis, hanya air bersih mudah didapat (AQUA)
• MURAH biaya produksinya
• TAHAN LAMA umur pakai sel reaktor dengan tanpa/ sedikit panas, daya tahan tinggi, gas banyak untuk kelas watt nya
• MINIM PERAWATAN umur interval ganti air yang panjang, air tetap bening dengan indikator waktu ganti air
• STABIL, automatic Power Wattage adjusment, produksi gas yang konstan dan bisa diandalkan
• LAYAK DIGUNAKAN MASAL kecil, ringan, praktis, hemat ruang/ akomodasi

Siap bekerja sama dengan APM ataupun pebisnis/ pemerintah, LIPI untuk dibuat masal untuk kepentingan orang banyak

Bukan gas hho hidrogen yang banyak yang membuat pengiritan, namun hitungan yang tepat dalam ketahanan, efisiensi, kemudahan perawatan, keamanan, dan harga murah jadi penentu keterjangkauan masyarakat.

aDhydro mendukung : Menggagas Pajak Emisi Gas Buang

Oleh Joko Tri Haryanto, pegawai Badan Kebijakan Fiskal Kementerian Keuangan RI*
http://www.kemenkeu.go.id/sites/default/files/Menggagas%20Pajak%20Emisi%20Gas%20Buang.pdf

Dalam sebuah artikel di situs Hijau Indonesia, disebutkan adanya ketidaksadaran kita telah hidup di kota dengan tingkat polusi yang jauh melebihi standar yang berlaku secara internasional. Dan tanpa disadari juga, selama ini kita telah menghirup udara yang mengandung benda-benda partikulat yang sangat tinggi. Menurut penelitian WHO, banyak kota-kota besar di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia yang memiliki tingkat polusi PM10 rata-rata per tahun yang jauh melebihi batas aman yang ditetapkan organisasi kesehatan dunia ini.

Dari sisi akademik, PM10 adalah benda-benda partikulat yang ukurannya kurang dari 10 mikron. Benda-benda partikulat ini hampir mustahil diamati dengan mata telanjang. Manusia hanya bisa melihat benda dengan berukuran sama atau di atas 40 mikron tanpa bantuan alat seperti mikroskop. Benda-benda partikulat inilah yang bertanggung jawab terhadap berbagai masalah kesehatan di masyarakat seperti asma, bronkitis, kanker paru-paru hingga perilaku kekerasan dan menurunnya kecerdasan anak.

Berdasarkan laporan yang dirilis WHO misalnya, dari 5 kota di Indonesia yang diamati, hanya Kota Pekanbaru yang memiliki standar polusi rata-rata per tahun di bawah standar WHO sebesar 20 mikrogram per meter kubik (20 µg/m3). Dari data yang diambil WHO pada 2008, tingkat polusi PM10

Pekanbaru sebesar 11 mikrogram per meter kubik (11 µg/m3). Sedangkan kota-kota besar lain di Indonesia seperti Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung dan Medan, memiliki tingkat polusi yang jauh di atas batas aman WHO.

Jakarta misalnya, standar polusi udara yang dicatat WHO di tahun 2008 sudah mencapai 43 µg/m3 – 200% di atas standar aman WHO. Angka ini meningkat pada 2009 menjadi 68,5 µg/m3 atau lebih dari 300% dari standar aman WHO. Tahun 2010 angka ini diklaim turun walaupun masih 200% di atas standar WHO menjadi 48,5 µg/m3 sebagian karena efek diselenggarakannya program bebas kendaraan bermotor di Jakarta (Jakarta Car Free Day).

Masih berdasar laporan yang sama, Kota Surabaya, Bandung dan Medan justru memiliki kualitas udara yang lebih parah dari Jakarta. Standar polusi PM10 di Kota Kembang mencapai rata-rata 51 µg/m3 per tahun, sementara di Surabaya nilainya mencapai 69 µg/m3, dan Medan mencapai 111 µg/m3 per tahun. Angka-angka di atas memberikan gambaran nyata betapa buruknya tingkat polusi udara di kota-kota besar di Tanah Air.

Kondisi ini tentu saja menggambarkan trade off yang sangat rumit, mengingat sektor otomotif sering diklaim menjadi penyumbang utama memburuknya kualitas udara, sementara di sisi lain sektor otomotif juga menjadi kontributor utama pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional khususnya dari sektor konsumsi masyarakat. Terlebih di tahun 2012, berdasarkan data Gaikindo, pasar mobil baru-baru saja mencetak rekor penjualan unit mobil hingga 1 juta unit, tertinggi dalam sepanjang sejarah industri otomotif nasional. Selama 10 tahun terakhir, tren penjualan kendaraan bermotor khususnya, mobil memang terus meningkat secara signifikan. Jika tahun 2003, penjualan mobil masih di kisaran 354 ribu unit kendaraan, tahun 2011 angka penjualan sudah melonjak hingga 813 ribu unit  kendaraan. Sempat terjadi sedikit fluktuasi tahun 2006 dan 2009 seiring dengan badai krisis ekonomi yang melanda dunia.

Dari sisi domestik, fluktuasi tersebut berbarengan dengan kebijakan Pemerintah untuk menaikkan harga BBM bersubsidi. Pencapaian prestasi penjualan 1 juta unit mobil tentu patut mendapat apresiasi tersendiri, mengingat beratnya tantangan dan hambatan yang menghadang di tahun 2012, mulai dari wacana kenaikan harga BBM bersubsidi, kenaikan uang muka kredit kendaraan serta permasalahan buruh yang tak kunjung mereda. Keberhasilan tersebut sekaligus mengindikasikan 100% pulihnya daya beli masyarakat yang sempat terpuruk akibat krisis ekonomi.

Menggeliatnya pasar otomotif memang memberi dampak signifikan bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Sayangnya, kenaikan laju sektor otomotif masih belum seimbang dengan ketersediaan jalan, pengaturan perparkiran serta penyediaan transportasi publik. Beberapa proyek transportasi umum memang tengah disiapkan meskipun masih terkendala baik oleh permasalahan birokrasi maupun teknis. Akibatnya, sebagaimana telah disampaikan, kualitas udara di beberapa kota-kota besar di Indonesia terus memburuk.

Banyak kerugian yang ditimbulkan oleh terlepasnya berbagai zat beracun dalam kendaraan bermotor ke udara. Secara umum dampak-dampak yang sering teridentifikasi adalah munculnya gangguan hipertensi akibat tekanan kerja jantung yang berlebihan untuk mengalirkan darah ke seluruh tubuh, munculnya penyakit gangguan mata, penurunan kecerdasan, terganggunya perkembangan mental anak, penyakit aluran pernafasan serta dalam jangka panjang munculnya bahaya kanker dan gangguan fungsi reproduksi pria.

Secara teori ada beberapa strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengendalikan emisi gas buang melalui kebijakan fiskal dan non-fiskal. Melalui kebijakan fiskal, Pemerintah dapat mengenakan mekanisme pajak kendaraan, pajak bahan bakar serta insentif fiskal untuk kendaraan ramah lingkungan. Sedangkan strategi non-fiskal dapat ditempuh melalui pengetatan standar emisi gas buang, pembatasan lalu lintas, pengembangan bahan bakar ramah lingkungan serta peningkatan kualitas bahan bakar.

Ide Pajak Emisi Gas Buang

Hingga saat ini, Pemerintah sudah menerapkan standar pengaturan emisi gas buang sebagai prasyarat di dalam perpanjangan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) setiap tahunnya. Bahkan persyaratan mengenai emisi gas buang sudah menjadi aturan tersendiri dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 55 Tahun 2012 tentang Kendaraan. Dalam Pasal 64 paragraf 1 dikatakan bahwa emisi gas buang menjadi persyaratan laik jalan kendaraan bermotor. Pasal 65 juga menyebutkan bahwa emisi kendaraan bermotor harus diukur berdasarkan kandungan polutan yang dikeluarkan kendaraan bermotor serta wajib tidak melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan. Penetapan ambang batas tersebut diselenggarakan oleh kementerian yang menyelenggarakan urusan pemerintahan di bidang lingkungan hidup. 

Berdasarkan besarnya dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh pengelolaan emisi gas buang, penulis menyarankan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam kemungkinan pengenaan pajak emisi gas buang setiap tahunnya, berbarengan dengan pengenaan PKB. Dengan pengenaan pajak emisi gas buang, nantinya tidak akan menghilangkan kewajiban pembayaran berbagai jenis pajak kendaraan bermotor (PKB) lainnya, namun ada sedikit penyesuaian di dalam sistem pemungutannya. Pajak emisi gas buang tersebut nantinya akan mengadopsi mekanisme insentif dan dis-insentif pajak. Untuk kendaraan bermotor yang melebihi ambang batas emisi gas buang akan dikenakan tarif pajak progresif, sebaliknya untuk kendaraan bermotor yang mampu mengelola emisi gas buang di bawah ambang batas akan memperoleh keringanan tarif pajak. Pajak emisi gas buang tersebut nantinya akan dikenakan oleh Pemda dan dikelola oleh Provinsi, berbarengan dengan pengenaan PKB di dalam STNK pemilik kendaraan bermotor.

Seyogyanya pajak emisi gas buang kendaraan bermotor ini wajib di ear marking, untuk dikembalikan lagi kepada pembangunan infrastruktur jalan, pemeliharaan jalan, infrastruktur transportasi umum, pengembangan bahan bakar alternatif, pengujian emisi serta upaya perbaikan kualitas udara yang tercemar. Pemda yang tidak menaati aturan penggunaan dapat dikenakan sanksi dan hukuman misalnya tidak mendapatkan alokasi dana untuk periode selanjutnya.

Terkait ide tersebut, Indonesia dapat mencontoh Australia yang sudah terlebih dahulu menerapkan mekanisme pajak emisi gas buang. Meskipun awalnya menuai banyak protes khususnya dari para oposisi dan industriawan, pajak itu akan dikenakan pada polusi yang dihasilkan oleh korporasi. Sekitar 350 perusahaan ‘produsen’ polusi utama harus membayar sebesar 23 dolar Australia atau setara Rp220 ribu untuk setiap ton karbon yang mereka hasilkan. Sebagai gambaran, Australia sendiri merupakan salah satu negara produsen polusi per kapita terparah di dunia.

Dengan skema tersebut, Pemerintah Australia berharap tahun 2020, polusi karbon Australia setidaknya akan berkurang 159 juta ton/tahun dibandingkan dengan jika skema tidak diterapkan. Pengurangan polusi ini sama dengan melenyapkan sekitar 45 juta mobil dari jalanan. Rencananya setelah 3 tahun berjalan, akan ada transisi dari pajak karbon ke skema perdagangan emisi berbasis pasar.

Demi tujuan perbaikan bersama Jakarta yang kita cintai, rumusan di atas tentu bukan hal mutlak yang tidak dapat diperdebatkan. Justru berbagai masukan yang konstruktif sangat dibutuhkan. Namun semuanya harus bermuara pada satu tujuan bersama menciptakan transportasi Jakarta yang bersahabat dan bermartabat.

*Tulisan ini adalah pendapat pribadi dan tidak mencerminkan kebijakan institusi di mana penulis bekerja

Hydrogen-Enhanced Combustion Engine Could Improve Gasoline Fuel Economy by 20% to 30%

5 November 2005

An HECE test engine

Work being done by ArvinMeritor, IAV (Ingenieursgesellshaft für Auto und Verkehr) and MIT on enhancing gasoline combustion with a small hydrogen gas stream is pointing toward a potential estimated improvement in gasoline fuel economy of 20% to 30%, depending upon the baseline engine.
Writing in the October issue of MTZ (Motortechnische Zeitschrift), Utz-Jens Beister from IAV and Rudy Smaling from ArvinMeritor describe their progress with the Hydrogen-Enhanced Combustion Engine (HECE) concept, as applied to an SUV-class 3.2-liter V6 test engine.
The premise of HECE, on which the research collaborative has been working for a number of years, is that the addition of a small amount of hydrogen to the cylinder charge can allow homogeneous charge ultra-lean-burn combustion engines to operate much leaner than otherwise possible.
That in itself is not a new discovery. What brings HECE closer to operational reality is the ArvinMeritor/MIT on-board, compact plasma reformer (earlier post) that can take a fraction of the conventional fuel, reform it in real-time and add the resulting hydrogen-rich gas to the remaining fuel-air mixture flowing into the engine.
In the plasma fuel reformer, air is metered into a plasma generator located upstream of a combustor. High voltage is applied to the air stream, forming high-temperature plasma. This high-temperature plasma torch flows into the combustor, initiating vigorous combustion of a rich fuel-air mixture. Within the plasma fuel reformer, partial oxidation reactions occur in the high-temperature gas phase created by the plasma, eliminating the need for a reforming catalyst.

The shift of combustion limits with hydrogen-enhanced combustion.
Adding hydrogen gas to the homogeneous fuel charge improves the ignitability of the mixture, and increases flame speed and combustion stability. In theory, the combination of a lean-burn engine with the plasma reformer could support an ultra-lean and turbocharged engine that would reduce NOx emissions to the point of not requiring aftertreatment in the exhaust stream.
Researchers at the Sloan Automotive Laboratory at MIT also discovered that both hydrogen and carbon monoxide (both products of the partial oxidation process of the reformer) act as octane enhancers. Adding the reformed fuel gas to the engine thus also supports a substantial increase in compression ratio.
Once an engine is developed that operates ultra-lean, is turbocharged—or super-charged—and is better able to withstand engine knock, engine downsizing while maintaining performance becomes a credible option that can lead to significant additional fuel economy and performance benefits.
—Beister and Smaling
Such an ultra-lean-burn, high compression-ratio, turbocharged HECE could exhibit the following characteristics:
Extremely low engine out NOx emissions requiring little or no exhaust emissions control
Reduced pumping losses (~5-10% efficiency gain)
Improved thermodynamics (~10-12% efficiency gain)
Reduced friction (downsizing) (~5-8% efficiency gain)
ArvinMeritor is targeting release of the HECE for approximately 2008.
Resources:
Plasma fuel Reforming & Applications
Hydrogen-Enhanced Combustion: A Promising Concept for Ultra-Lean Homogeneous Combustion, MTZ 10/2005

Konsep Optimalisasi MNS

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HHO Power Booster Manual Installation MNS

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Langkah Mudah Pasang aDHydro HHO Variable Motor

1. Wah, ada batu stone aquarium, dipasang dimana ya? Alat ini berfungsi sebagai fire back stopper/ penghambat api balik yang HARUS dipasang jika motor anda sistem 2 langkah/ 2 tak, pemasangan dilakukan pada box filter/ kotak saringan udara.

2. Nah, buat lubang di box sedekat mungkin dekat dengan pipa karet yang terhubung ke karburator, sebaiknya di sisi kanan/ kiri, jangan di atasnya, kenapa? Karena jika sampai ada tetesan air dari botol akan jatuh ke box filter, bukan langsung terhisap mesin, tidak masalah jika hanya 1-2 tetes saja, tetapi akan buat mesin kotor, perhatikan level ketinggian air. Pemasangan dari sisi dalam box filter, dan akan terlihat hanya niple/ nepelnya saja dari luar untuk memasang slang, gunakan lem yang kuat dan tidak ada kebocoran udara, sebaiknya pakai plastic steel/ lem besi/ lem campur/ araldite.

3. Nah, setelah nepel dipasang, pasang slang udara ke nepel tersebut. Jika susah slang bisa dipanaskan dulu dengan api korek/ pemanas listrik. Hati-hati BBM di motor anda mudah terbakar.

4. Sisakan 5cm slang untuk dibakar ujungnya dengan api korek/ pemanas listrik, dan dijepit dengan tang, kita sebut slang BUNTU.


5. Pasang slang buntu di bagian bawah botol, berguna untuk menguras botol yang cukup sering, 2 hari sekali untuk perjalanan jauh dan 4 hari sekali untuk perjalanan dekat, acuannya setiap isi 2-3 liter BBM sebaiknya kuras botol.

6. Botol diisi dengan air sampai setengah jendela yang ada terisi air, pakailah AQUA/ air mineral merek 'AQUA'. Jangan mengisi terlalu banyak supaya air tidak masuk ke mesin. Penutupan tutup putih jangan terlalu kuat, secukupnya karena sudah ada seal karet di tutup botol tersebut. Kenapa harus "AQUA"? karena "AQUA"TDS/ hambat jenisnya sesuai dengan alat yang kami buat, dihitung impedansinya sesuai dengan "AQUA", trus "AQUA" nggak ada kuman/ mikroorganisme/ bakteri/ ganggang/ kotoran, jika ada kandungan tersebut (air ledeng, sumur, sungai, kolam DILARANG DIPAKAI) maka air akan HITAM dalam 10 menit pemakaian dan sel elektroda akan tersumbat, susah dibersihkan/ rusak.

7. Pemasangan untuk motor sistem 4 langkah/ 4 tak bisa langsung ke lubang masuk dari box filter seperti pada gambar, biasanya ada 2 buah di kanan-kiri box untuk tipe motor bebek. Ada juga opsi seperti ini masuk di filterbox tetapi di dalamnya tetap pakai stone aquarium khusus motor 2 tak/ 2 langkah wajib dipakai supaya tidak perlu melubangi box filter, cukup mudah dan aman.

8. Pemasangan pipa dengan sistem clip on, artinya tusuk dan langsung kuat erat terpasang, jika mau melepasnya harus menekan ring warna biru ke dalam dan pipa dapat dengan mudah dicopot untuk perawatan kuras botol.

9. Pasang kabel dengan terminal kuning pas di baut botol tersebut, polaritas kabel tidak masalah, boleh mana saja, tetapi jangan ada kabel yang kena bodi/ masa motor karena kedua kabel ada tegangan listriknya yang bukan merupakan tegangan masa/ 0 Volt.

10. Pemasangan elektronik dan botol secara keseluruhan seperti ini. Kemana 2 kabel yang dipegang? Kabel itu dipasang pada spul/ kumparan generator motor, jangan pada aki. Posisikan elektronik resonator di tempat yang tidak mudah terkena air seperti dibawah jok, di rangka mesin, di bagasi, di bawah tangki bbm, yang terlindung dari cipratan air.

11. Kiprok atau dioda penyearah dan pengisian aki terhubung langsung pada spul di motor, kita mencari kiprok karena akan memasang di kabel yang ke arah spul.

Dengan pemasangan ini maka sistem pengisian aki tidak terganggu dan tidak ada gejala aki tekor.

Pasanglah kabel hitam pertama antara spul yang ke lampu/ kuning atau ke pengisian/ putih, kabel hitam kedua ke massa/ hitam.

Coba balik/ tukar kabel hitam yang ada apakah gas lebih banyak? Pilihlah yang lebih besar gasnya.

Jika ada keluhan lampu kurang terang, maka pasanglah pada spul yang ke pengisian/ putih. Warna kuming, putih dan hitam bisa berbeda tergantung motor.

Jangan dipasang kedua nya pada spul (kuning dan putih), hasil gas besar tetapi terlalu besar sehingga berakibat kelistrikan motor terganggu atau botol kepanasan/ lumer/ meleot/ tidak ada garansi dari kami, karena tegangan masuk berlebihan.

Perlu dicatat, anda bisa memilih kombinasi kabel dengan produksi gas lebih sedikit dengan alasan:

1. HHO yang diproduksi diperoleh dari listrik motor yang adalah energi mesin yang tersedot ke spul dan akan membebani mesin. Idealnya dengan HHO sedikit, tetapi efek irit maksimal. Alat kami mengunakan energi dari motor itu sendiri untuk menyempurnakan pembakaran, jadi pertimbangkan, test untung rugi pengiritan BBM motor anda berbanding dengan jumlah HHO yang terjadi.

2. Makin banyak HHO umur elektroda botol semakin singkat (elektroda termasuk alat yang habis terpakai/ consumable parts), bahkan jika kepanasan botol akan rusak, kalau dipaksa malah spul motor kita kepanasan dan juga beresiko rusak.

3. Jika anda membuat HHO dari batere/ aki terpisah dari sistem motor, maka buatlah HHO sebanyak-banyaknya karena itu merupakan energi yang dimasukkan ke sistem motor anda dengan resiko anda harus mencharge aki setiap berhenti dari listrik PLN.

4. Produksi HHO semakin banyak belum tentu semakin baik. Ada setelan yang pas sehingga HHO nya pas dan tidak terlalu membebani/ mengganggu kerja mesin dan kelistrikannya.

Garansi botol dan elektroda diberikan selama 3(tiga) bulan untuk botol yang tidak berfungsi ketika dipasang, kondisi tukar tanpa biaya hanya jika botol masih baru, setelah dipasang tidak ada produksi gas HHO, jika sudah ada kotoran sisa elektrolisa/ sel tipis/ kepanasan/ meleot maka tidak diberikan garansi.
Kami TETAP menerima PENUKARAN botol rusak karena kepanasan ataupun elektroda rusak karena telat ganti air hanya dengan biaya Rp. 85.000,-.
Juga untuk elektronik resonator jika rusak dibawah 6(enam) bulan maka bisa ditukarkan gratis, jika lebih maka dilayani PENUKARAN dengan biaya Rp. 40.000,-

Harga tersebut diluar ongkos kirim/ ongkos pasang. Kami tidak menjual botol elektroda atau elektronik resonator terpisah, kami jual paket, tetapi kami melayani PENUKARAN part yang rusak dengan harga murah demi mempelajari kerusakan alat yang terjadi. Alat yang sudah pernah dibongkar paksa/ sengaja tidak dapat ditukarkan. Hal ini untuk meningkatkan mutu alat kami di kemudian hari.

Perhatian bagi pemakai alat HHO: Aturan Pakai

a. Baca baik-baik dan lakukan semua aturan ini sebelum memasang/ menggunakan alat

b. Mengabaikan aturan ini bisa menyebabkan cidera atau kematian

1. Gas Hidrogen+ Oksigen/ HHO/ brown gas sangat mudah terbakar dan meledak.

2. Kebakaran/ Ledakan bisa mengakibatkan luka bakar atau kematian.

3. Jauhkan output/keluaran alat HHO generator dari api, lecutan listrik, dan semua sumber pemantik.

4. Gunakan HHO generator hanya di ruangan terbuka, jangan di dalam ruangan tertutup (misal di bagasi motor) atau kabin penumpang (khusus untuk mobil). Walaupun sifat dari cairan di dalam botol elektrode hanya sedikit sekali panas, tetapi tetap butuh sirkulasi udara.

5. Jangan menghirup gas HHO, tidak beracun dan tidak berbau, resiko meledak di dalam paru-paru anda akan sangat mematikan.

6. Matikan unit segera jika terlihat/ terjadi kebocoran, selang putus/ terjepit.

7. Segera ganti selang HHO output yang bocor/ betulkan yang terjepit.

8. Pengiriman unit selalu dalam kondisi kosong, tanpa air.

9. Simpan alat di tempat yang kering, tidak terkena sinar matahari langsung, jauhkan dari sumber panas seperti pemanas air, atau sumber panas lainnya.

10. Pasang alat di tempat yang kokoh, dengan posisi tegak, kemiringan maksimum 70 derajat, idealnya 90 derajat.

11. Jangan mengisi botol dari selang air kran (pakailah air mineral merek AQUA atau air dengan kondisioner khusus), resiko water hammer/ mesin kemasukan air.

12. Ikuti aturan pemasangan kabel masukan atau keluaran (input dan output), kesalahan pemasangan akan mengakibatkan kerusakan dari unit elektronik dan sistem kelistrikan kendaraan.

13. Jangan memegang output keluaran elektronik unit dengan atau terlebih tanpa botol elektrode terpasang, tegangan tinggi akan mengagetkan dan melukai.

HHO aDHydro TIDAK menggunakan lampu yang di-SERI

"apa lagi ada yang masih menggunakan sistem indikator yang menggunakan lampu yang dirangkai seri dengan tabung sehingga ada keborosan daya yang termakan oleh lampu"

Rekan, perlu kami ingatkan akan sistem elektronik kami:
1. Tidak menggunakan lampu indikator/ lampu pengaman/ lampu petunjuk/ lampu pembatas arus. Penggunaan lampu membuat daya listrik terbuang percuma di lampu, juga adanya resiko lampu pecah dan menimbulkan percikan api, di ruang mesin mobil, panas lampu pun akan membuat tambahan panas di mesin yang terbuang percuma, kecuali sekalian digunakan sebagai penerangan ruangan mesin di malam hari (apakah berguna juga?)
2. Teknologi TANPA PANAS/ sedikit panas yang ditimbulkan di air reaktor tempat elektroda. Panas yang berlebihan pada elektrolisis konvensional harus disiasati supaya tidak membuat air mendidih, apalagi kondisi ruang mesin yang sudah panas akan membantu proses pendidihan air/ mencapai 100 derajat celcius. Reator dengan panas berlebihan membutuhkan volume air besar dan container tahan panas. Sistem kami membuat sedikit sekali panas di reactor dan TETAP menggunakan container tahan panas. Proteksi ganda untuk sistem yang terbaik di kendaraan anda.
3. Sistem TANPA ELEKTROLIT/ TANPA BAKING SODA/ TANPA KOH/ TANPA NaOH. Hanya aqua merek 'AQUA'. Sekali lagi bukan karena mau promosikan AQUA, tetapi air 'AQUA' standar baku mutu nya tinggi. Cobalah pakai air 'AQUA" dingin dari lemari es/ dispenser COLD. Hasil memuaskan akan anda dapatkan, gas belimpah, arus minimal, serasa saat kita minum air 'AQUA' dingin. Saat ini AQUADEST dengan KONDISIONER khusus dari kami sudah tersedia untuk penggantian air yang lebih lama karena kotoran akan jatuh ke bawah/ Berat Jenis > BJ air dan umur sel yang panjang, tentunya dengan gas HHO yang tetap berlimpah untuk mesin anda. Perlu diketahui, jika ada yang meng claim alat HHO nya lama sekali kotornya dipastikan gas HHO nya juga sedikit karena alat tersebut sebenarnya melakukan BARTER/ pertukaran gas HHO dengan logam metal yang akan terkorosi/ SACRIFIED ELECTRODE. Tetapi jika dengan konsisioner kotoran nya lebih sedikit? Ya, karena kotoran yang terbentuk lebih padat sehingga ukuran lebih lecil dan BJ nya > BJ air, sebenarnya massa/ total berat kotoran yang terbentuk adalah SAMA
4. Sistem tanpa kipas di motor dengan variable control berdasar putaran mesin/ RPM mesin, segera ikut juga tanpa kipas yang di mobil, sistem statik, masih dalam riset Bro, mohon sabar. Keunggulan adalah dalam segi kehandalan terhadap siraman air saat ruang mesin mobil dicuci steam. Tetapi juga karena dengan teknologi frekuensi tinggi setara inverter atau DC power supply, eisiensi akan bertambah, daya listrik lebih irit dengan hasil gas HHO lebih besar.

Soo, sudah capai nih, saya istirahat dulu, MAJU HHO Indonesia . . .

Penggunaan AQUADEST dan RADIATOR COOLANT

Rekan, saat ini semua produk HHO kami mengguanakan AQUA merek AQUA, namun untuk penggantian yang lebih lama dan kontainer yang lebih bersih dan tidak cepat kotor bisa mengunakan AQUADEST dan RADIATOR COOLANT saat ini merek TOP1.
Takaran untuk motor adalah 1-3 tutup botol AQUA, untuk mobil 3-5 tutup botol AQUA, sedangkan air aquadest adalah air distilasi, bukan air RO (air RO pH lebih rendah dari air biasa), bisa menggunakan air aki biru atau air tetesan AC rumah, tampung di jerigen dan bisa digunakan.
Catatan: air tetesan AC bisa digunakan di sistem HHO tetapi TIDAK bisa digunakan untuk baterai/ AKI mobil anda. Penggunaan radiator coolant jangan terlalu banyak karena akan merusak elektronik yang ada, dan buih/ busa harus dibuang dulu beberapa saat setelah HHO dihidupkan. Jika takaran terlalu banyak akan membuat buih/ busa terus terjadi dan akan masuk ke mesin (tidak masalah, tetapi kotor). Untuk pertama kali menghidupkan harus di buang busanya pada 5 menit pertama penggunaan dengan cara di cabut pipa supply ke mesin.
Keuntungan yang didapat:
1. Air bisa diganti pada periode yang lama sampai 3x lipat biasanya
2. Kotoran mempunyai Berat Jenis/ BJ lebih berat dari air sehingga mengendap di bawah container, kita perlu memonitor level endapan jangan sampai mengenai Elektrode/ saatnya dikuras
3. Container menjadi lebih bersih, bahkan bekas kotoran lama yang menempel akan hilang walau tidak 100%
4. Kotoran bersifat saling lepas, tidak menggumpal/ mengeras, sehingga mudah dibersihkan
5. Setiap ganti air harus menggunakan air baru dan coolant baru

Sedang disiapkan formula khusus CONDITIONER untuk HHO anda special design for aDHydro series, tidak berbuih/ busa sehingga langsung pakai. Kotoran sedikit, gas berlimpah. Air kotor hasil kuras bisa ditampung di wadah untuk diendapkan dan dipakai kembali setelah diambil cairannya saja, lebih hemat dan bisa dipakai berulang kali.

Why Change the O2 (Oxygen Sensor)?

One of the most overlooked maintenance items in your vehicles engine is the Oxygen Sensor (O2). A sluggish or non-working Oxygen Sensor will not set a code or cause the "check engine" light to come on unless it has a short inside.

An aging Oxygen Sensor will cause a reduction in fuel economy and can cost many more dollars in fuel consumption. Just as we age gradually, so does an Oxygen Sensor. Therefore, its decline is not immediately noticed. As the function of the Oxygen Sensor is reduced, it will not read the air to fuel mixture correctly causing a misread of a lean condition and cause the engine to dump more fuel which in turn increases gas consumption and emissions to increase. Additionally, damage to the catalytic converter (CAT converter) can also occur.

If a vehicle has problems with failing emissions tests, it may well be due to the fact that the O2 sensor needs to be replaced. This failing O2 sensor will cause an increase in emitting hydrocarbons and/or carbon monoxide.

Manufacturers recommendations are that the O2 be changed every 60,000 miles. Our recommendations are to use only a factory O2 replacement (OEM). If the vehicle has O2 sensors both in front of the CAT converter and behind, change only those in front of the CAT converter as the one(s) behind are there simply for monitoring purposes.

It is important to have a well functioning O2 so that the new fuel values will be read and received correctly.

Video Animasi Gerakan Mesin 4 Langkah 4 Silinder

OSP/ Oxygen Sensor Piggyback - EFIE Installation

Install your fuel efficiency device
The EFIE is not intended to be a fuel saver by itself. You should install a device that is designed to get more energy out of the same fuel, such as a hydrogen gas electrolyzer, a fuel vapor production unit, or other device that gets more power out of the same fuel by increasing the efficiency of the burn.

1. Locate the oxygen sensor signal wire
The easy way to do this is to look it up in your Haynes, Clymer or Chilton manual for your car. If you don't have one of these, there is a service at www.ahdol.com where you can pay a nominal fee, and get your wiring diagrams emailed to you. I have also recently found a resource at www.autozone.com whereby you can get your wiring diagram, and specific service manual information on your sensors. However, the information is not available for all cars and trucks. To help you find your wiring diagram at autozone.com, follow the instructions found here. Using the wiring diagram data, you can get the wire color of the signal wire, and hopefully gain access to it up in the engine compartment, where it routes to the computer.

If none of these options are available, you'll need to locate the oxygen senor and then locate the signal wire by testing. The sensor can have 2, 3 or 4 wires, and you have to know which one is the signal wire. If you have 4 wires they will be:
1. Heater 12 Volts +
2. Heater ground
3. Oxygen sensor signal +
4. Oxygen sensor signal ground

If you have 2 or 3 wires, then you can have a common ground, or no heater wires etc. The simplest setup is a single wire, which is the signal wire and the sensor get's it's ground from the exhaust pipe. You can use the following procedure to narrow down which wire is which:

1. Disconnect the wire harness, turn on the ignition and probe for a wire produces 12 volts. This will be the heater circuit.
2. Next find the 2 wires that produce exactly 0 volts. These will be the heater ground and the signal ground. The remaining wire should be your signal wire.
3. Reconnect the wiring harness, then strip a little insulation from the signal wire and measure it to ground with the engine running. You'll get voltage readings constantly fluctuating between 0 and 1 volt, if you have the signal wire. Note, that you have to let the engine warm up a bit before you will get these voltages from the sensor.
• Cut this wire at a convenient location for connecting the EFIE. We'll call the sensor side of this cut the sensor wire, and the other side of the cut, the computer wire.Note: rarely an oxygen sensor wiring harness will have more than 4 wires. In this case, the sensor is possibly a "wide band" oxygen sensor. The EFIE has been reported to work with 5-wire wide band sensors. But you want to use a very low setting to start with on these.
Once you have determined which is the sensor's signal wire, you want to get it located up close to the computer. If you used a manual, or wiring diagram, you probably have already located the wire at the computer's wiring harness. If you had to figure out the wires at the sensor itself, then try to find the same wire at the computer's wiring harness. It should be the same colors, but test it with an ohm meter to be sure. Sometimes they use the same colors for different things. Even if it's a pain in the posterior portion of your anatomy, it's worth it to get the signal wire located up by the computer. This makes cutting into it and hooking up the EFIE much easier.

2. Locate 12 volt power and ground
You need to ensure that you have switched power, not power directly from the battery. You don't want the EFIE running 100% of the time. It's not that the unit couldn't run 100% of the time, it probably could. But it would slowly drain your battery. Most of the fuel efficiency devices need switched power as well, and you can often piggy back onto them. Note that the EFIE draws negligible power. You can attach it to any circuit.

The best choice for a voltage source is a fuel efficiency device. That way the EFIE only activates when the fuel efficiency device is turned on. Note that when power is shut off to the EFIE, or the EFIE's switch is turned off, the original connection between the oxygen sensor and the computer is re-established. If connecting to your fuel saver's power is inconvenient or inappropriate, just use any circuit that is accessory key switched. Your electrical diagram can come in handy here, and if you don't find another device to attach to, you can usually find a spare circuit in the fuse box (you may have to add a fuse). One installer used the oxygen sensor's heater power for his EFIE's power, and this is perfectly acceptable.

Ground can be the vehicle body, engine block or ground from another device, including the ground for the oxygen sensor itself. Just make sure that whatever you choose to use for ground has a negligible resistance (less than 10 ohms) when tested against the negative battery terminal of your car.

3. Mount the EFIE
You can use the mounting ears to screw down the EFIE to a suitable location on the vehicle body or firewall. Some people like to mount the device inside the passenger compartment of the car. There are some considerations about where you mount your EFIE that should also be reviewed:

1. The EFIE is not waterproof. If you mount it under the hood, you will have to take care to cover it if you need to steam or spray clean your engine. If this is something you regularly do, you may want to mount the EFIE in the passenger compartment where it will be protected.

2. If you live in a cold climate, where temperatures are expected to be below freezing a significant number of days per year, you will want to ensure that the EFIE is mounted where it will be warmed, either by the engine, or inside the passenger compartment. Below freezing temperatures cause the EFIE to come up to it's voltage offset very slowly unless it is physically warmed. This is because it doesn't generate much heat of it's own. In most cases this can be accomplished by mounting your EFIE in the upper rear of the engine compartment, close to the firewall, which will allow it to benefit from trapped engine heat. Newer EFIEs now come with jumpers that if set will cause the EFIE to generate more heat. These were intended for use in very cold climates. Find J1 and J2 on your circuit board. Set the following jumpers for increasing amounts of heat: J1, J2, J1 and J2.

4. Attach the wires
The EFIE multi-conductor wire has 6 colors: red, black, white, green, blue and brown. Connect the red to your power source. Connect the black to ground. Connect the green wire to the oxygen sensor. Connect the white wire to the computer. For Dual EFIE units, the brown wire goes to the 2nd oxygen sensor, and the blue wire goes to the 2nd sensor's computer line. Hopefully you've been able to locate all these wires up by the computer in an easily accessible location. But if so, be sure not to cut them too close to the computer so that you have plenty of slack to work with them.

You should solder them and use heat shrink tubing to insulate the connections from other wires. If you don't have heat shrink, you can use electrical tape. I personally always use heat shrink. It's more professoinal looking, and less likely to unravel later into a sticky mess.

EFIE Controls

5. Adjust the EFIE
I have found that .200 volts is a good starting point. If you haven't done so already, you should get a benchmark for your mpg by going through a tank of gas with the EFIE and fuel efficiency device turned off, or disconnected. This way you'll know when you're getting closer to an optimum setting as your mpg improves.

The picture above shows a Single EFIE Deluxe, with the controls marked. The toggle switch turns the EFIE on/off, and the red LED glows only when the EFIE is on and has power. Note that when the EFIE is powered off, it makes the connection between the oxygen sensor and the computer, the same as it was before the EFIE was installed. If you ever have need to reconnect the oxygen sensor directly to the computer, just turn the EFIE (or Dual EFIE) off, and this will be accomplished. Also, if power is shut off to the EFIE, you'll get the same result regardless of which position the switch is in.
The red and black test points will accept and hold in place the electrodes (probes) from a multi-meter. The black point is attached to the oxygen sensor lead, and the red point is attached to the lead that outputs to the computer. Just push the leads in and they will be held in place by spring loaded clamps. With your probes in the two test points, you'll be reading the voltage offset being supplied by the EFIE, and this is the setup you need for EFIE adjustment.

The adjustment screw adjusts the voltage offset between the signal from the sensor, and what the computer "sees". Turn the screw in a clockwise direction to increase the offset, and counter-clockwise to reduce the offset, and your multimeter will be reading the offset amount. The signal adjustment potentiometer (or "pot" for short) is designed to turn 18-20 full revolutions. This is so that the voltage offset can be tuned to a fine degree of control. Adjustments as small as a few millivolts can be made.The lowest offset is between 10 and 40 millivolts, while the highest, with an unmodified EFIE, is 425-475 millivolts.

Most computers will see 425 millivolts from the EFIE, plus the sensor's voltage as high all the time. In other words even when the sensor is putting out it's lowest voltage, when the EFIE adds 425 millivolts, the computer will think the sensor is reading high. it'll think that the sensor is high all the time, that it's damaged, and will ignore it's data. However, if this occurs you should get a check engine light alerting you to the "defective oxygen sensor". So you should never operate your EFIE this high. Note that you may desire to modify your EFIE's range to a lower set of values. This would give you finer voltage control if you're trying to maintain less than .200 volts, for instance. You might in this case want to make the EFIE's maximum voltage be 250 millivolts instead of 450. See How to Adjust the EFIE's Range for instructions on how to do this.

It is possible to damage the adjustment pot by turning it past it's lowest or highest values. However, I've turned them at least 10 full revolutions past the end with no ill effects. But there is a limit to how many times you can turn them, and I have ruined one once by turning one too far. The thing to do, is only turn them with your multimeter hooked up. When you get down to 15-20 millivolts, and further turning doesn't change the amount, stop. And the same applies at the top end of the scale. In actual practice you should never need to be at the extremes.

When it comes to making the actual adjustments to the EFIE for your particular car and fuel saver combination, I recommend starting out with 200 millivolts. The process of adjusting the EFIE is trial and error. If you're setting the EFIE above 350 millivolts you're starting to get pretty high. Watch for symptoms of too lean a mix such as rough engine, lack of power, "check engine light" coming on, etc. When these show up, adjust it back down until the symptoms go away. Note, some computers will accept an EFIE setting of over 400 millivolts. This is not the norm however, unless you take some of the actions in Tuning For Mileage.

A couple of adjustment tips: 1) If your "check engine" light comes on, you've likely set the offset too high, and the computer thinks your oxygen sensor is on the fritz. This can also be caused by mis-wiring the EFIE, so make sure you're hooked up correctly. 2) If you lose horsepower AT ALL, you've got an incorrect setting, as fuel efficiency devices should increase horsepower proportionately with the increase in MPG (as well as decrease emissions). 3) If you have a high temperature probe, run down the highway with the fuel efficiency devices turned off, long enough to get the engine up to full operating temperature, and note the temp of your exhaust pipe, near the exhaust manifold. As you increase your voltage offset, this temperature may increase. Don't let it raise more than 180 degrees from your initial test.

You will probably find adjusting the EFIE to be frustrating at first. When you turn the adjustment screw, the voltage starts raising (or lowering) and keeps on doing so long after you've stopped turning the screw. It can take up to 10 minutes or more for the voltage changes to completely settle down. I have learned to set EFIEs similarly to balancing a long stick on your finger. You have to turn the screw farther than you expect the final position to be to get the EFIE's voltage changing in the direction you want. Then when the voltage gets close to your target voltage, quickly start turning the adjustment screw the opposite way until the voltage stops increasing. Once the voltage is at your target value, then you just make small adjustments either way to get the voltage to settle down. But note you'll want to check the voltage some minutes later to make sure it hasn't continued to drift to a different value.That's the basics. If you run into trouble in your installation, post questions on the support forum, www.fuel-saver.org. I can use the feedback to improve the guides here, as well as answer questions others may have as well.

Discover More About - Hydrogen Gas Fuel Is The Answer To Today High Gasoline Price

Hydrogen gas fuel is an element that exists in abundance all over the earth. It can be found in water and natural and renewable matter such as plants, compost materials, even algae. Thanks to its abundance, hydrogen can be converted into hydrogen gas fuel for many of the same uses as fossil fuels. Hydrogen gas fuel in its purest form must be obtained by the separation of the hydrogen’s chemical bond to those elements. When hydrogen gas fuel is blended with pure oxygen and ignited the only resulting emissions are heat and water, you can’t get much greener than that!

Each method of distilling the hydrogen to it purest form has its own unique set of pros and cons, from emissions generated by the refining process to finding the most cost effective method of producing hydrogen gas fuel. Currently, steam methane reforming is the most popular method in the United States. This method separates hydrogen from natural gas by heating the natural gas at various temperatures.

Producing enough hydrogen gas fuel to support mainstream use would likely require new infrastructure, making start-up costs an expensive proposition. Current technology such as electrolysis (passing of electrical current through water in an ionic transfer device) can be adapted on a larger scale by using electricity generated through methods such as windmills or solar panels. In addition, geographic concerns will play a major role in location choices for any hydrogen production facility as ideally any such facility requires a large expanse of open space and should be located away from densely populated areas. However, zero greenhouse gas emissions in the electrolysis method make this a worthwhile, long-term venture.

Hydrogen is an extremely flexible fuel as it can be stored and transported in both liquid and gas forms. Hydrogen gas fuel can be transported in its vapor form roughly one to two hundred miles from the refining facility. For long distance transport up to one thousand miles the hydrogen is transported in liquid form requiring specially designed super-insulated tanks.

Hydrogen will produce more energy per unit weight than any other fuel known. Hydrogen gas fuel gives more than triple the energy of the equivalent amount of gasoline, and does not produce any of gasoline’s undesirable emissions like sulfur and carbon dioxide. Hydrogen gas fuel yields energy at a rate of six times more than an equal amount of coal.

Hydrogen gas fuel remains efficient through a much wider combination of air fuel mixtures than gasoline. This results in greater combustion efficiency. Hydrogen fuel cell would have a rating equivalent to an octane rating of one hundred thirty, exceeding the highest octane gasoline currently available at the gas pump.

Just about anything from cell phones, scooters, spacecraft and even entire cities can be powered by hydrogen gas fuel. Vehicles for every day use can be produced or retrofitted to utilize this fuel. As gas prices rise, hydrogen gas fuel as an alternative fuel may soon become a reality.

Waspada Meninggalkan Rumah

27/12/2008 12:52 - Kasus Pencurian
Waspada Meninggalkan Rumah

Liputan6.com, Kediri: Masyarakat diminta waspada saat meninggalkan rumah untuk pergi berlibur atau aktivitas lain. Pastikan pintu rumah dan pagar terkunci. Berikan nomor telepon yang bisa dihubungi sewaktu-waktu ke tetangga atau petugas keamanan. Bila perlu, pasang pengamanan tambahan seperti alarm.

Belum lama ini, sebuah rumah di Kediri, Jawa Timur yang ditinggal penghuninya disatroni kawanan pencuri. Pemilik rumah tak menyangka sepulang dari toko miliknya, rumah dalam keadaan terbuka. Isi rumah sudah acak-acakan. Sejumlah barang berharga sudah lenyap. Kerugian diperkirakan mencapai puluhan juta rupiah. Diduga pencuri lebih dari satu orang dan tahu seluk-beluk rumah.

Pencurian juga terjadi di Jakarta. Rumah di kawasan elite Menteng milik seorang warga asing dan kerap ditinggal kosong jadi sasaran maling. Brankas yang berada di lantai satu didapati telah berpindah tempat ke lantai dua dan dalam keadaaan terbuka. Seluruh isinya raib.(JUM/Tim Liputan 6 SCTV)

Katalis KOH berbahaya buat logam alumunium mesin dan kulit kita

jaka-kelana says on 24th September 2008, 16:18
. . . . .mengenai katalis memang yang bagus bisa dipakai KOH... cuma sifatnya agak korosif terhadap logam alumunium dan cukup berbahaya bila terkena tangan.Tapi sementara ini KOH katalis paling efektif untuk menghasilkan gas.
menurut perkiraan saya (belum dicoba)apabila kalau untuk mobil dengan mesinsekitar 1500 cc-an dengan daya listrik > 900 watt cukup kuat untuk membuat mesin mobil itu hidup dan dipakai berjalan. , asalkan alat hydrogen booster yang dipakai bisa benar2 effisien >90 %.

. . . .agirachmat18th November 2008, 23:47
Bro, gw pernah nyoba beli dari net. Bikinan anak semarang yang kebetulan ni anak asli BDG. Gw nggak perlu sebut nama. Awalnya emang gw agak ragu karena bikinannya masih "amatireun" dan hasilnya--- meledak bum!!! pertama, karena panas dari listrik yang 12 volt dari accu. Kedua, karena rangkaian yang ada di dalam air tabung, korslet!!!, karena goyang-goyang dan guncangan mobil. Namanya juga nyoba. Yang pasti itulah harga yang musti dibayar karena nyoba-nyoba. Untunglah, mobil gw diesel, coba bayangin kalo bensin. Gas hydrogen bertemu dengan percikan busi. Pasti heboh JKT. Tabung air dari kaca, 2 biji. Bum!!!

Gw terus searching di net. gw percaya pastilah ada temen yang nyoba-nyoba udah lebih jauh dan lebih maju. Akhirnya gw ketemu dan akhirnya ketemu ama [http://www.pengiritbbm.blogspot.com/]. Gw nggak bermaksud promosi. Gw diem-diem udah nyari kemane-mane dan nyoba berkali-kali dan menurut gw--nyang ini "layak dicoba"---mahal??? Relatif lah yaw, dengan hasil coba-coba dan investasi dia "sekian kali" dibanding gw. Alat nya, kuat, kokoh, tidak panas, simple solid, dan menurut gw, "satu langkah" lagi bisa dibuat "massal"---quality assurance-nya lumayan. Bener-bener patut dicoba. Maaf ye, gw generasi umur 50 tahun, dan buat gw yang bikin ini masih relatif anak muda. Humble, "nyambung"---dan gw mampir di rumahnye, ternyata anak ini adalah pembuat RT-RW net buat lingkungannya. Buat gw luarbiasa. Patut didukung. Dia diem-diem punya proyek "agak gila" [satu] bikin bbm air buat motor yang dikasih orang buat eksperimen ama [dua] ada satu volvo tua yang lagi ngejogrok nyang dia lagi mau coba pake bbm air. Sendirian. Salut lah.
Maaf ya. Thanks bro. . . .
http://forum.detik.com/archive/index.php/t-61206.html

. . . .21. Untuk cairan elektrolit masukan Flake KOH bisa anda dapatkan disetiap toko kimia dengan harga sekita 15 rb/kg dengan perbandingan 1:4 dengan air suling 1 KOh 4 air. Cari wadah plastic untuk pelarutan jangan besi selanjutnya wadah bukan untuk tempat makanan berbahaya . Larutkan pelan pelan dengan cara menuang air ke koh bukan memasukan koh ke air. Hati hati KOH sangat berbahaya harus mengenakan sarung tangan atau kalau bisa jangan dipegang (saya tidak pernah memegangnya) pakai kaca mata safety . Jika terkena siram dengan air sebanyak banyaknya selama 15 menit , Jika mata anda terkena maka anda hanya punya 15 detik sebelum retina anda rusak dan buta. Kebanyakan dokter atau puskesmas tidak tahu cara menangani ini jadi siram dengan air sebanyak – banyaknya adalah cara yang paling efektif setelah itu baru ke rumah sakit. Jika hati hati pasti aman
22. Tuang larutan koh tersebut kedalam wadah pvc secara hati hati dan selanjutnya masukkan block cell anda. . . . .
http://imantri.wordpress.com/2008/07/21/alat-penghemat-bbm/

. . . .3. Tuangkan air terlebih dahulu (aliran listrik / accu sudah terpasang) baru masukan bahan kimia (KOH) sedikit demi sedikit hingga terjadi proses elektrolisa (seperti air mendidih) dari pengalaman air satu liter cukup dengan 1 sendok teh kecil , gunakan kaca mata karena KOH ini sangat berbahaya bila terkena mata. . . .
http://my.opera.com/rohim/blog/

gunawan, Menurut baca-baca di internet. Metode untuk mengurai H2 dari air dengan elektrolit KOH sudah diterapkan tahun 1959 dalam hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Francis Thomas Bacon, dan metodenya ini disebut fuel cell Bacon Type. Metode ini dipandang tidak efisien karena perlu temperatur tinggi (100-300 celcius) dan sifat korosif dari KOH (elektrolit basa). Terkecuali di 2008 ini Joko Sutrisno berhasil menemukan metode pemanfaatan elektrolit KOH yang lebih efisien dari Bacon barulah Joko Sutrisno ini bisa disebut penemu. Silakan Googling saja Bacon Type Fuel Cell di Google.

Magnetic Alignment

How to find the North and South ends of your stainless steel tubes.

Stainless Steel can be very low magnetic, but it still has some magnetism to it; even non-magnet ss has "some" magnetism. When you apply voltage to the tubes, as we do in electrolysis, a magnetic field is produced. Your tubes need to be magnetically aligned in order for them to produce at their best. They must all be aligned with their MOST Magnetic ends facing the same direction. If you do not do this, you won't get much gas production around a miss aligned tube. "Joe Cell" technology teaches us the same thing. I believe the Magnetic Force has an effect on the separation of the water molecules. It supposedly happens on the "surfaces of the tubes" as the ions are attracted to their opposite polarities. The amount of voltage (which is electrical pressure) and the amount of current - the movement of electrons flowing through the cell (which we are measuring in Amps) has a direct relation to the amount of HHO gas that is produced. This is Ohms Law, not rocket science.

To produce the best magnetic field, all of the tubes need to be aligned exactly the same. Once you accomplish that. Apply your DC voltage to the "bottom" of the center tube, and to the top of the outside tube. This sets up a North South alignment for your magnetic field. When that alignment happens, your HHO will move "up and out" not downward.

If you apply your DC voltage at the top of the cell, even when using Flat Plates, the magnetic field has a tendency to push the HHO to the sides, or Down. On the other hand, if you apply the DC at the bottom for all of your tubes/plates, the magnetic field has a tendency to push your HHO to the sides or UP. Watch anyone's videos that is using a clear container and pay attention to where they are applying the DC. You will see exactly what I mean. My own video that uses the tubes with perforated holes will show you my point.

Because you are using tubes, you are making both a water capacitor and a water inductor. A capacitor stores voltage. An inductor can collect voltage, transfer voltage, and even produce a magnetic field. So get your tubes aligned magnetic N & South.

Water

The first scientific decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, by electrolysis, was done in 1800 by William Nicholson, an English chemist. In 1805, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Alexander von Humboldt showed that water is composed of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen (by volume).

After reading some of the information that follows, you will understand why most people use Distilled water in their cells.

Purified water is water from any source that is physically processed to remove impurities. Distilled water and deionized water have been the most common forms of purified water, but water can also be purified by other processes including reverse osmosis, carbon filtration, microporous filtration, ultrafiltration, ultraviolet oxidation, or electrodialysis. In recent decades, a combination of the above processes have come into use to produce water of such high purity that its trace contaminants are measured in parts per billion (ppb) or parts per trillion (ppt). Purified water has many uses, largely in science and engineering laboratories and industries, and is produced in a range of purities.

Methods of water purifying:

Distillation
Distilled water has virtually all of its impurities removed through distillation. Distillation involves boiling the water and then condensing the steam into a clean container, leaving nearly all of the solid contaminants behind. Distillation produces very pure water but also leaves behind a leftover white or yellowish mineral scale on the distillation apparatus, which requires that the apparatus be frequently cleaned.

For many applications, cheaper alternatives such as deionized water are used in place of distilled water.

Double-distillation
Double-distilled water (abbreviated "ddH2O" or "Bidest. water") is prepared by double distillation of water. Historically, it was the de facto standard for highly purified laboratory water for biochemistry and trace analysis until combination methods of purification became widespread.

Deionization
Deionized water which is also known as demineralized water (DI water or de-ionized water; also spelled deionised water, see spelling differences) is water that has had its mineral ions removed, such as cations from sodium, calcium, iron, copper and anions such as chloride and bromide. Deionization is a physical process which uses specially-manufactured ion exchange resins which bind to and filter out the mineral salts from water. Because the majority of water impurities are dissolved salts, deionization produces a high purity water that is generally similar to distilled water, and this process is quick and without scale buildup. However, deionization does not significantly remove uncharged organic molecules, viruses or bacteria, except by incidental trapping in the resin. Specially made strong base anion resins can remove Gram-negative bacteria. Deionization can be done continuously and inexpensively using electrodeionization.

It should be noted that deionization does not remove the hydroxide or hydronium ions from water; as water self-ionizes to equilibrium, this would lead to the removal of the water itself.

Other processes
Other processes are also used to purify water, including reverse osmosis, carbon filtration, microporous filtration, ultrafiltration, ultraviolet oxidation, or electrodialysis. These are used in place of, or in addition to the processes listed above. Generally, each process is well suited to removing a particular set of impurities while not being as good at removing other impurities.

Parameters of purified water:

Resistivity and conductivity
Removal of ions causes water's resistivity to increase, providing a convenient measurement for the exact extent of deionization. Ultrapure deionized water has a theoretical maximum resistivity of 1.831 GΩ·m (18.31 MΩ·cm) and a theoretical minimum conductivity of 5.45 μS/m (0.0545 μs/cm), compared to around 1.5 MΩ·m (15 kΩ·cm) and 7 mS/m (70 μS/cm) for tap water. Ultrapure water's high resistivity allows it to be used both as a coolant and a cleaning/washing substance in direct contact with high-voltage electrical equipment.

pH values
The theoretical pH of highly purifed water is 7.0. In practice, however, most purified water will have a pH that is slightly acidic (less than 7.0) due to the presence of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Dissolved carbon dioxide reacts slowly with water to give the bicarbonate and hydronium ions.

CO2 (g) + 2H2O(l) → HCO3- + H3O+

Note that carbonic acid, H2CO3, is only formed in strongly acid solutions. Distillation temporarily removes dissolved CO2 from the water. However, during condensation, water that is exposed to air will reabsorb CO2 again resulting in a pH that is slightly less than 7.0.

Non-laboratory uses
Distilled or deionized water are commonly used to top up lead acid batteries used in cars and trucks. The presence of foreign ions commonly found in tap water will cause a drastic reduction in an automobile's battery lifespan.

Distilled or deionized water is preferable to tap water for use in automotive cooling systems. The minerals and ions typically found in tap water can be corrosive to internal engine components, and can cause a more rapid depletion of the anti-corrosion additives found in most antifreeze formulations. Distilled or deionized water is especially important in automotive hybrid system component cooling systems, mixed with hybrid system coolant, to prevent corrosion and/or electrolysis of hybrid components.

Using distilled water in steam irons for pressing clothes, as well as other appliances such as humidifiers and cigar humidors which boil water, can reduce mineral scale build-up and help the appliance last longer. However, many iron manufacturers say that distilled water is no longer necessary in their irons.

For treatment of sleep apnea, patients using CPAP machines that have a humidifier are instructed to use distilled water so he or she does not inhale any impurities from non-purified water.

Purified water is used in freshwater and marine aquariums. Since it does not contain impurities such as copper and chlorine, it keeps fish free from diseases, as well as avoiding the build-up of algae on aquarium plants, due to its lack of phosphate and silicate. Deionized water should be re-mineralized before used in aquaria, since it also lacks many macro and micro-nutrients needed by both plants and fish.

Another application is to cool off airplane engines before takeoff, was used on the early Boeing 707. This is not as common today due to cost.

Deionized water is very often used as an "ingredient" in many cosmetics and pharmaceuticals where it is sometimes referred to as "aqua" on product ingredient labels; see International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients. This use again owes to its lack of potential for causing undesired chemical reactions due to impurities.

Because of its high relative dielectric constant (~80), deionized water is also used (for short durations) as a high voltage dielectric in many pulsed power applications, such as Sandia's Z Machine.

Purified water can also be used in PC watercooling systems. The lack of impurity in the water means that the system stays clean and prevents a build up of bacteria and algae. Also, the low conductance leads to less risk of electrical damage in the event of a leak or spillage. This enables the machine to work at optimal efficiency even after extensive periods of time without water exchange.

A recent use of purified water is that of a final rinse in some car washes where, because it contains no dissolved solutes, the car dries without leaving any spots. Another use of deionized water is in window cleaning, where window cleaners use pumped systems to brush and rinse windows with deionized water again without leaving any spots.

Deionized water has also recently found a use in an up to date version of water fog fire extinguishing systems. Such systems can be used in sensitive environments such as where high voltage electrical and sensitive electronic equipment is used. The 'sprinkler' nozzles use much finer spray jets and operate at up 35 MPa (350 bar; 5000 psi) of pressure. The extremely fine mist produced takes the heat out of a fire rapidly and the deionized water coupled with the fine droplets is non conducting and does not damage sensitive equipment, not already damaged by fire. The system is perfectly safe to discharge when personnel are present. Apart from getting a little damp, there are no other hazards associated with the system.

Drinking purified water
Many beverage manufacturers use distilled water to ensure a drink's purity and taste. Bottled distilled water is sold as well, and can usually be found in supermarkets. Water purification, such as distillation, is especially important in regions where water resources or tap water is not suitable for ingesting without boiling or chemical treatment.

Water filtration devices are becoming increasingly common in households. Most of these devices do not distill water, though there continues to be an increase in consumer-oriented water distillers and reverse osmosis machines being sold and used. Municipal water supplies often add or have trace impurities at levels which are regulated to be safe for consumption. Much of these additional impurities, such as volatile organic compounds, fluoride, and an estimated 75,000+ other chemical compounds are not removed through conventional filtration; however, distillation and reverse osmosis eliminate nearly all of these impurities.

The drinking of purified water has been both advocated and discouraged for health reasons. Purified water lacks minerals and ions, such as calcium, which are normally found in potable (drinking) water, and which have important biological functions such as in nervous system homeostasis. Some percentage of our daily consumption of these minerals and ions come from our drinking water, but most of them come from the food we eat, making DI water perfectly fine to drink if one has food in his or her system. The lack of naturally-occurring minerals in distilled water has raised some concerns. The Journal of General Internal Medicine published a study on the mineral contents of different waters available in the US. The study concluded, "drinking water sources available to North Americans may contain high levels of Calcium, Magnesium, and Sodium and may provide clinically important portions of the recommended dietary intake of these minerals," and further encouraged individuals to "check the mineral content of their drinking water, whether tap or bottled, and choose water most appropriate for their needs." Since distilled water is devoid of minerals, supplemental mineral intake through diet is needed to maintain proper health.

It is often observed that consumption of "hard" water, or water that has some minerals, is associated with beneficial cardiovascular effects. As noted in the American Journal of Epidemiology, consumption of hard drinking water is negatively correlated with atherosclerotic heart disease. Since distilled water is free of minerals, it will not have these potential benefits.

It has been suggested that because distilled water lacks fluoride ions that are added by a minority of governments (e.g., municipalities in the United States) at water treatment plants using sodium hexafluorosilicate or hexafluorosilicic acid for their effect on the inhibition of cavity formation: the drinking of distilled water may increase the risk of tooth decay.

The costs associated with water distillation have generally been prohibitive. However, distilling water with solar water distillers is becoming increasingly popular around the world; they can be relatively simple to design and build.

Electrical properties
Pure water containing no ions is an excellent insulator, but not even "deionized" water is completely free of ions. Water undergoes auto-ionisation at any temperature above absolute zero. Further, because water is such a good solvent, it almost always has some solute dissolved in it, most frequently a salt. If water has even a tiny amount of such an impurity, then it can conduct electricity readily, as impurities such as salt separate into free ions in aqueous solution by which an electric current can flow.

Water can be split into its constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen, by passing an electric current through it. This process is called electrolysis. Water molecules naturally dissociate into H+ and OH− ions, which are pulled toward the cathode and anode, respectively. At the cathode, two H+ ions pick up electrons and form H2 gas. At the anode, four OH− ions combine and release O2 gas, molecular water, and four electrons. The gases produced bubble to the surface, where they can be collected. It is known that the theoretical maximum electrical resistivity for water is approximately 182 kΩ·m²/m (or 18.2 MΩ·cm²/cm) at 25 °C. This figure agrees well with what is typically seen on reverse osmosis, ultrafiltered and deionized ultrapure water systems used, for instance, in semiconductor manufacturing plants. A salt or acid contaminant level exceeding even 100 parts per trillion (ppt) in ultrapure water begins to noticeably lower its resistivity level by up to several kilohm-square meters per meter (a change of several hundred nanosiemens per meter of conductance).

Electrical conductivity
Pure water has a low electrical conductivity, but this increases significantly upon solvation of a small amount of ionic material water such as hydrogen chloride. Thus the risks of electrocution are much greater in water with the usual impurities not found in pure water. (It is worth noting, however, that the risks of electrocution decrease when the impurities increase to the point where the water itself is a better conductor than the human body. For example, the risks of electrocution in sea water are lower than in fresh water, as the sea has a much higher level of impurities, particularly common salt, and the main current path will seek the better conductor. This is, nonetheless, not foolproof and substantial risks remain in salt water.) Any electrical properties observable in water are from the ions of mineral salts and carbon dioxide dissolved in it. Water does self-ionize where two water molecules become one hydroxide anion and one hydronium cation, but not enough to carry enough electric current to do any work or harm for most operations. In pure water, sensitive equipment can detect a very slight electrical conductivity of 0.055 µS/cm at 25 °C. Water can also be electrolyzed into oxygen and hydrogen gases but in the absence of dissolved ions this is a very slow process, as very little current is conducted. While electrons are the primary charge carriers in water (and metals), in ice (and some other electrolytes), protons are the primary carriers (see proton conductor).

Dipolar nature of water, model of hydrogen bonds between molecules of water

An important feature of water is its polar nature. The water molecule forms an angle, with hydrogen atoms at the tips and oxygen at the vertex. Since oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, the side of the molecule with the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge. A molecule with such a charge difference is called a dipole. The charge differences cause water molecules to be attracted to each other (the relatively positive areas being attracted to the relatively negative areas) and to other polar molecules. This attraction is known as hydrogen bonding, and explains many of the properties of water. Certain molecules, such as carbon dioxide, also have a difference in electronegativity between the atoms but the difference is that the shape of carbon dioxide is symmetrically aligned and so the opposing charges cancel one another out. This phenomenon of water can be seen if you hold an electrical source near a thin stream of water falling vertically, causing the stream to bend towards the electrical source.

Although hydrogen bonding is a relatively weak attraction compared to the covalent bonds within the water molecule itself, it is responsible for a number of water's physical properties. One such property is its relatively high melting and boiling point temperatures; more heat energy is required to break the hydrogen bonds between molecules. The similar compound hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which has much weaker hydrogen bonding, is a gas at room temperature even though it has twice the molecular mass of water. The extra bonding between water molecules also gives liquid water a large specific heat capacity. This high heat capacity makes water a good heat storage medium.

Hydrogen bonding also gives water its unusual behavior when freezing. When cooled to near freezing point, the presence of hydrogen bonds means that the molecules, as they rearrange to minimize their energy, form the hexagonal crystal structure of ice that is actually of lower density: hence the solid form, ice, will float in water. In other words, water expands as it freezes, whereas almost all other materials shrink on solidification.

An interesting consequence of the solid having a lower density than the liquid is that ice will melt if sufficient pressure is applied. With increasing pressure the melting point temperature drops and when the melting point temperature is lower than the ambient temperature the ice begins to melt. A significant increase of pressure is required to lower the melting point temperature —the pressure exerted by an ice skater on the ice would only reduce the melting point by approximately 0.09 °C (0.16 °F).

Electronegative Polarity
Water has a partial negative charge (σ-) near the oxygen atom due to the unshared pairs of electrons, and partial positive charges (σ+) near the hydrogen atoms. In water, this happens because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms — that is, it has a stronger "pulling power" on the molecule's electrons, drawing them closer (along with their negative charge) and making the area around the oxygen atom more negative than the area around both of the hydrogen atoms.

Spark Plugs for Water Only Engine

What happened to the Firestorm sparkplug developed by Robert Krupa? It produced a plasma flame that allowed the air fuel ratio to be adjusted to 40 to 1; talk about running lean. Sparkplug manufacturers refused to make it for him. They said it would last forever. Imagine that. So Krupa bought his own spark plug company. Where is it now?Today we know we can mist water over a high voltage arc and produce an explosive flame. The arc destroys the water molecules. Tomorrow, we may run our motors off a special sparkplug that is capable of igniting water mist. The plug was invented by Robert Krupa, about 10 years ago. Could it be that changing your spark plugs, installing a hotter coil, and a set of low resistant plug wires, is all that is needed to convert your motor to run on water vapor?